Cervical cancer ranks as the tenth most common cancer among women in Singapore, with nearly 200 new cases and approximately 70 deaths annually (Source: Singapore Cancer Society). Despite its prevalence, cervical cancer is highly preventable and treatable when detected early through regular screening. Pap smears, also known as Pap tests, play a crucial role in this early detection process.
Understanding Pap Smears
A Pap smear involves collecting cells from the cervix – the lower, narrow end of the uterus—and examining them for abnormalities that may indicate precancerous changes or cervical cancer. For women aged 25 to 29, the Pap test is the recommended screening method. In contrast, women aged 30 and above are advised to undergo Human Papillomavirus (HPV) testing, as persistent infection with high-risk HPV strains is the primary cause of cervical cancer.
Importance of Regular Screening
Regular Pap smears are vital for several reasons:
- Early Detection: Identifying abnormal cervical cells early allows for timely intervention, preventing the development of cancer.
- Increased Survival Rates: Early-stage cervical cancer is highly treatable, significantly improving survival rates.
- Monitoring Health: Regular screenings help monitor cervical health, ensuring any changes are promptly addressed.
Current Screening Recommendations in Singapore
The Singapore Health Promotion Board recommends:
- Women aged 25 to 29: Undergo a Pap smear every three years.
- Women aged 30 and above: Undergo HPV testing every five years.
These screenings are available at all our SMG WH clinics.
Awareness and Participation
Despite the availability of screening services, awareness and participation rates vary. According to the 2019 National Population Health Survey, while 88.5% of Singaporean women aged 25 to 74 were aware of cervical cancer screening tests, only about half had undergone screening within the last three years. Notably, awareness was lower among women aged 25 to 29, with only 76.5% knowledgeable about Pap smears, compared to 91% in the 30 to 69 age group (Source: Ministry of Health Singapore).
Conclusion
Regular Pap smears are a critical component of women’s health care, offering a reliable method for early detection of cervical abnormalities that could lead to cancer. By adhering to recommended screening schedules, women in Singapore can significantly reduce their risk of developing cervical cancer, ensuring better health outcomes and peace of mind.
